What document outlines the system of government of the United States?

The Constitution of the United States is the foundational document that outlines the system of government of the United States. It was drafted in 1787 and establishes the structure, functions, and powers of the government. This includes delineating the roles of the three branches of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—as well as the relationship between the federal government and the states. Moreover, the Constitution includes provisions for the amendment process, allowing for changes and updates over time to meet the needs of the nation.

While the Bill of Rights is important as it contains the first ten amendments to the Constitution and guarantees individual liberties, it does not outline the overall structure of government. The Emancipation Proclamation was a significant executive order that declared the freedom of slaves in Confederate-held territory, but it does not outline the governmental structure. The Declaration of Independence, while a crucial historical document announcing the separation from British rule, primarily focuses on the reasons for independence and the ideals of equality and governance, rather than creating a system of government.