What are the three branches of the U.S. government?

The three branches of the U.S. government are the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This structure is established in the Constitution and is foundational to the separation of powers principle, which ensures that no single branch has too much authority or control over the government.

The executive branch is responsible for enforcing laws and is headed by the President. It includes the Vice President and the Cabinet members who advise the President. The legislative branch is tasked with making laws and is made up of Congress, which consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Lastly, the judicial branch interprets laws and is comprised of the court system, including the Supreme Court, which ensures justice and interprets constitutional questions.

Understanding this structure is crucial as it establishes a system of checks and balances, where each branch has specific powers that can limit the actions of the others, promoting accountability and protecting individual rights. This division of government functions is pivotal in maintaining democratic governance in the United States.